Written for Linux users that are familiar with microcontrollers, basic circuits, the C programming language, and can read a datasheet, this how-to should get you up and programming a PIC quickly with Linux.compatible with the Windows98 and Windows2000/NT, Windows XP / Windows 7 and other operating systems. The information is out there, but no one has laid out the process of going from writing C code to programming a chip. One of the drawbacks for some of us is that Linux support for PICs is not very well known.
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Best of all, it is free, with ports to Windows and MacOS X, this is a compiler that handles many architectures and devices without the program limit of free versions of for-pay compilers that are limited to Windows. However, like every other open source project out there, more contributing users will help the project. Support for PICs is still growing, and still in beta, so be aware that things outside the code and chips of this article may need some debugging. Hex file needed to program a PIC. Check the COM port under Control Panel System Device Manager as below.The Small Device C Compiler, sdcc is what will be used to create the. Tags.After installation, plug the provided USB cable into a computer's USB port, the other end plugged into a USB port on the Programmer, PC will auto detect and install the driver for the programmer, and a new virtual COM port is created at this moment.
The programmer includes software for Windows 98/Me/NT/2000/XP. Included in the USB Programmer package: melabs USB Programmer ZIF Adapter for 8 through 18/20-pin, DIP packaged PICs melabs Programmer Software 6-foot USB Cable. It builds on Kandas keep it simple philosophy and so it is much easier to use than other portable programmers.The connection to the computer is via a standard USB cable (Type-A male to Type-B male).
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Pin 1 on the ZIF socket is located next to the locking lever.To install sdcc on Fedora: sudo yum install sdccThree different PIC chips were used in the writing of this tutorial: the 40 pin PIC16F887, the 14 pin PIC16F688, and the 8 pin PIC12F675. When putting a PIC in the ZIF (Zero Insertion Force) socket, the PIC Programming software will indicate how it should be positioned. The PIC programmer drivers and software are available to download: Download.
We have not tried this program or any of the DIY programmers at this point. It is not a replacement for the PICkit 2 as there are no Linux drivers for the PICkit 3, so do not buy the PICkit 3 thinking it will work in Linux.There is also another program that claims to work with a range of DIY PIC programmers: PICPgm. So in a directory of your choosing: wget Tar -xzf pk2cmdv1.20LinuxMacSource.tar.gzNote that Microchip touts the PICkit 3 as a replacement for the PICkit 2. You will need to install pk2cmd from source.
In most systems, the header files will be in /usr/share/sdcc/include.Then we setup the configuration word or words fuses. It tells the compiler which registers are available and where they are located in memory. Here is the PIC16F887 code as a reference as we walk through each major operation: //Simple program to get started programmingUnsigned int at _CONFIG1 configWord1 = 0x2FF4 Unsigned int at _CONFIG2 configWord2 = 0x3fff //Assuming /dev/ttyUSB0 is the serial port.//Write the configuration words (optional)://picp /dev/ttyUSB0 16f887 -wc 0x2ff4 0x3fff//Doing it all at once: erasing, programming, and reading back config words://picp /dev/ttyUSB0 16f887 -ef -wp blink.hex -rcThe first line is the #include for the header file of the particular chip you will be using. Also included are working. The code for this is hosted on Github, you can follow along with the blink.c file for the PIC16F887, PIC16F688, or PIC12F675. Perhaps a PIC programmer roundup is in need of writing.The code for this how-to is a kind of hello world program using LEDs.
Check out the chips’ header files for the names of the options.Next, we setup some global variables, one for the value that will be output on the LEDs and the other for a delay counter.In the void main(), we set the PORTC tristate register, TRISC to all outputs. In the blink.c samples, the configuration word is just a 16bit hexadecimal word, but the word can be made more human readable by ANDing together the configuration options. The configuration words are specific to the chip model and application and are described in the chapter “Special Features of the CPU” in each of the respective chips’ datasheets. The PIC16F688 and PIC12F675 do not have the configuration word address defined in their header (we said sdcc was in beta, didn’t we?), so we just use the address of the configuration word: 0x2007. The PIC16F887 has the address for the configuration words defined in its header file as _CONFIG1 and _CONFIG2.
One of these files will be blink.hex which will be what the PIC device programmer will be writing to the PIC. Sdcc will take the blink.c file and make a bunch of files. Following the delay loop, the display counter is incremented and then written to PORTC (or GPIO) for display on the LEDs.Now that we have reviewed the code, it is time to turn it into something a PIC can use. Inside that loop is a delay loop so that we can see the LEDs changing. After setting the tristate register, we enter an infinite loop with while(1).
If you have one of these programmers, you will need to change the code so that the low-voltage programming bit in the configuration words allows for low-voltage programming. Some of the programmers available but not directly mentioned only perform low-voltage programming. Once properly connected, you will need to run the program to run the programmer:For a PICStart+ programmer on /dev/ttyUSB0 programming a PIC16F887 : picp /dev/ttyUSB0 16f887 -ef -wp blink.hex -rcFor a PICkit 2 programmer programming a PIC16F887: pk2cmd -M -PPIC16f887 -Fblink.hexIf you are programming another chip, or the PICStart+ programmer is on a port besides /dev/ttyUSB0, you will need to make corresponding changes to the commands.Note: The code provided for the PIC16F887 disables low-voltage programming. Unless you are using a socket programmer like the PIC-MCP-USB, you will need to consult the datasheets of the programmer and the chip to be programmed for the proper connection. The last thing on the line is the file containing the C code that will be compiled.To program a chip you will take your device programmer and connect the chip you want to load with your program. The second option is the specific chip that code will be compiled for.
The current out of any pin of the three chips used is limited to 20mA, so the current-limiting resistors are optional for most cheap jellybean LEDs. Note that pin 4 of the PIC12F675 is only an input and will not light an LED. To any one or all of the PORTC pins (or GPIO pins for the PIC12F675), connect LEDs with current-limiting resistors to ground. The 40 pin PIC16F887 and the 14 pin PIC16F688 will both need a pullup resistor on their master clear pin. Below are the schematics for the three chips:Start out by connecting the Vdd pins to a positive voltage source between 4.5 volts and 6 volts and the Vss pin to ground.
The LEDs should be lighting to a binary count.
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